The retirement age in Belarus will be raised by three years - to 58 years for women and 63 years for men. President Alexander intends to sign a decree on this this week.
The age limit will be raised in stages, adding six months each year. “We have already missed the moment when we could move one or three months at a time. If we want to maintain stability in the state, then today the shortest pace we can afford is six months,” they say in Belarus.
The reform starts on January 1, 2017. A “soft option” for reforming the pension system has been chosen, assures the Deputy Prime Minister of Belarus.
Previously, the authorities brought up three reform options for discussion.
According to the first option, women could retire at 60, men at 65. This is the toughest, but also the most economically justified version of the reform, according to the government of Belarus.
The second option assumed that women would retire at age 60, and men at age 63. According to the third option, women were supposed to be sent to a well-deserved retirement at 58 years old, men at 63 years old. With this option, the burden on women in housekeeping was taken into account.
The chosen increase option leaves the authorities room for maneuver. If, due to an unfavorable demographic situation, it is necessary to raise the age limit even higher, then the authorities will do it. Moreover, the transition to extended work experience will not be very painful, they assure the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection. Already today, about 68% of women, when retiring, remain working in the first years. For men, this percentage is slightly lower, the ministry calculated. In total, about 25% of pensioners in Belarus continue to work after retirement.
In addition, Kachanova said that raising the retirement age will not provoke an increase in the shortage of jobs - “everything has been calculated.” The government promises to create 50 thousand jobs annually for failed pensioners.
As an alternative to raising the retirement age, Belarus was offered a reduction in pensions. But this option did not suit President Lukashenko. “Where have you seen pensions being reduced? You can’t offend people,” Lukashenko said in a recent interview.
He admitted that pension reform is a forced measure. There is not enough money to support pensioners. The ratio between the number of workers and the number of pensioners is deteriorating.
Now, according to the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection, there are 61 pensioners per 100 workers in Belarus; in 2020 this ratio will be 100 to 66; in 2030, if nothing is done, there will be 78 pensioners per 100 workers.
The burden on the pension fund is growing; the hole in the pension fund budget by March of this year amounted to 1 trillion Belarusian rubles. According to UN experts, in 2016-2020 the pension fund budget deficit will increase and amount to 1.7% of GDP.
In Belarus, a distributive pension system has been in operation since Soviet times, in which workers contribute funds to support pensioners. But now “a solid majority of the population” agrees with raising the retirement age and is ready for reforms, Lukashenko claims.
“I am very pleased that people agreed with me... That is, what we must decide today should not be decided by our children and then endured because of our indecision,” Lukashenko said earlier.
The retirement age at 55 years for women and 60 years for men in the post-Soviet space was maintained only in Belarus, Uzbekistan and Russia.
Russian authorities also believe that raising the retirement age is inevitable. But it would be more appropriate to announce the reform after the elections, scheduled for September 18. “I think it is reasonable to announce this during an electorally calm period, for example at the end of 2016. And the calculations must be completed now,” the head said last week.
As in Belarus, Russian authorities fear that a significant part of the population will not support the idea of raising the retirement age, which will negatively affect the voting results for the party in power.
Ulyukaev considers it logical to raise the retirement age for both men and women to 63 years, adding six months each year. If this option is approved, the reform will take 16 years for women and 6 years for men. Another option is to leave a gap of five years and raise the age limit to 60 and 65 years, respectively.
The question of the date of the pension reform in Russia also remains open. In March 2018, Russians will vote for a new president. Obviously, it will begin no earlier than in two years. In November 2015, the Russian Minister of Finance announced that the winner of the next presidential election will have to solve the problem of the budget deficit of the Russian Pension Fund one way or another. Either raise taxes or cut spending on social services, education and healthcare.
The current President Vladimir consistently objects to raising the retirement age. But lately it has made it clear that reform is inevitable. During a big press conference in December 2015, he said that “someday this will have to be done” so as not to collapse the pension system. “But when this needs to be done, for now I would not like to talk about it publicly, because even we don’t have an answer yet, but this is a purely economic problem,” Putin said.
Expenses in 2016 are expected to be 7.7 trillion rubles. (9.8% of GDP). The transfer from the state budget to the Pension Fund to cover its deficit will amount to about 3 trillion rubles. (approximately 19% of all federal budget expenditures).
The average annual old-age insurance pension this year is 13.1 thousand rubles.
Source "Newspapers. Ru" in the government notes that the decision to raise the retirement age is supported by almost all key participants in this process. Including the expert community. The former Minister of Finance, head and chairman of the board of directors believes that without raising the retirement age, the size of the transfer will only increase. According to his estimates, raising the retirement age to 63 years in the third year will provide an additional 500 billion rubles.
The government must decide on the timing and parameters of the pension reform by 2018; this is written down in the “Main Directions of Activities” of the Cabinet of Ministers.
Retirement age legally called the number of years determined by the state, after which citizens of the country constitutionally receive the right to regular payments from the budget of the republic, called pension benefits.
Age pensions are financed by the republican budget. The government obliges employers and employees to pay contributions to the Social Security Fund throughout their careers. For hired workers this figure is 1% of their earnings, for managers - 28%.
At the beginning of April 2016, the leader of the state, A. Lukashenko, signed a decree providing for an increase in the retirement age threshold by 6 months annually from 01/01/2017 to 01/01/2022. It follows that the age for receiving pension benefits will be 63 years for men and 58 for women.
It is important to know that the date of application to the regulatory agency also determines the date of enrollment in government support.
Table of access to Persia in the Republic of Belarus, women |
||
Date of Birth | Retirement date | Retirement age, years |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1962 | 01.07 — 31.12.2017 | 55,5 |
| 01.07 — 31.12.1962 | 01.07 — 31.12.2018 | 56 |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1963 | 01.07 — 31.12.2019 | 56,5 |
| 01.07 — 31.12.1963 | 01.07 — 31.12.2020 | 57 |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1964 | 01.07 — 31.12.2021 | 57,5 |
| 01.07 - 31.12.1964 and younger | 01.07 — 31.12.2022 | 58 |
Table of access to Persia in the Republic of Belarus, men |
||
Date of Birth | Retirement date | Retirement age, years |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1957 | 01.07 — 31.12.2017 | 50,5 |
| 01.07 — 31.12.1957 | 01.07 — 31.12.2018 | 61 |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1958 | 01.07 — 31.12.2019 | 61,5 |
| 01.07 — 31.12.1958 | 01.07 — 31.12.2020 | 62 |
| 01.01 — 30.06.1959 | 01.07 — 31.12.2021 | 62,5 |
| 01.07 - 31.12.1959 and younger | 01.07 — 31.12.2022 | 63 |
Born in:
In addition to the Republic of Belarus, the following states are planning to increase the pension threshold in the near future:
The reason for the initiation of reforms for the countries of the former Soviet Union is considered to be the demographic crisis of the 1990s, which led to a decrease in the birth rate.
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The retirement age in Belarus was reformed in 2017; before that time it was 60 years for men and 55 for women. After the start of the changes, Belarus plans to raise the retirement age to 63 years for men and 58 years for women. The transition period involves gradual growth for six months each year. The retirement schedule in the Republic of Belarus is presented in table form.
The retirement age in Belarus in 2019 is 61.5 years for the strong half, 56.5 for the weak.
By 2022, the retirement age for men and women in Belarus will increase to 63 and 58 years, respectively. Separate age restrictions are established for those who have not worked the minimum length of service; they will be able to receive a social pension at 65 years old for men and at 60 years old for women.
Representatives of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) expressed their opinion on the retirement age in Belarus. Experts believe that the government does not need to stop at the changes made in 2022; the optimal retirement age for the country is 65 years for all citizens.
In addition to raising the retirement age in the Republic of Belarus, the following measures are proposed:
The IMF has the right to dictate its demands, since it is the main creditor of Belarus. The condition for issuing loans is the ability to influence the internal policy of the state.
The main arguments of experts for reform are the large number of people of retirement age and the lack of working population. Critical for the economy and the pension fund is the ratio of pensioners to workers, which is 1 to 1.5.
The increase in the retirement age in Belarus also affected benefit categories of the population, which include:
They have a reduced insurance period of 5 years. For workers with hazardous working conditions - 12.5 years, then their retirement in Belarus will take place at 58 years old, the same retirement age is established for civil servants. Teachers must work for at least 25 years to qualify for the preferential category.
Pension reform involves not only increasing the retirement age in Belarus, but also changing the minimum length of service requirements. The law sets out a program for its growth from 15 to 20 years by 2025 every year for six months.
We are talking about the insurance period, which includes the following periods of a citizen’s life:
Studying in higher educational institutions is not included in the calculated length of service. A threshold has been established after which length of service ceases to be taken into account for calculating pensions - 45 years for men, 40 for women.
Those citizens who did not have time to complete the required length of service are entitled to an old-age payment - 25% of the established minimum subsistence level.
Retirement in Belarus in 2019 involves receiving a payment that cannot be lower than the following amounts:
Additional payments apply for some categories. Recalculations are carried out periodically if the average salary in the country has increased or the level of the cost of living has changed. Depending on inflation, as in Russia, payments are not indexed.
The pension amount is calculated based on salary for the last 24 years, but not more than the average value increased by 4 times. The average pension payment is 438 Belarusian rubles, which is 13,724 Russian rubles.
Thus, the pension sector of Belarus, just like the Russian one, is going through a stage of reform. main reason This is an increase in the number of pensioners and a decrease in the number of working citizens, which negatively affects the state of the budget and the socio-economic development of the country. In the Republic of Belarus the situation is complicated by the fact that the government is forced to comply with the requirements of the IMF due to its debt to it. International experts make it clear that the current increase in the retirement age is not enough; further changes will be required.
The International Monetary Fund considers further reform of the pension system in Belarus “highly advisable.” This conclusion is contained in the report of the International Monetary Fund on the demographic situation in the countries of Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe.
Photo pixabay.com
According to IMF experts, the population in the region may decline in the next 30 years, so countries should take measures that would promote the employment of people of pre-retirement and retirement age.
“Belarus will benefit significantly if it increases the participation of older workers even without raising the retirement age,” IMF experts say.
At the same time, they note that raising the retirement age is highly desirable for Belarus.
“Most countries in Central, Eastern and South-Eastern Europe will most likely need pension age reform. However, it would be particularly useful in Belarus, Moldova, Russia, Turkey and Ukraine, both in terms of labor supply and to ensure fiscal sustainability,” the IMF report says.
In 2016, the International Monetary Fund released a report in which it recommended that Belarus “gradually increase the retirement age for men and women to 65 years and then link it to average life expectancy.”
According to IMF estimates, the ratio of pensioners to the working-age population in Belarus could increase from 40% in 2015 to 68% by 2050.
In this regard, currency board experts expect pension spending in Belarus to increase from 9.6% of GDP in 2015 to 12.4% in 2030 and to 16.1% of GDP in 2050.
As a result, if the retirement age is not raised after 2022, then the deficit of the existing pension fund of Belarus in 2030 will be equal to 2.8% of GDP, and in 2050 - 6.5% of GDP, IMF experts believe.
Minister of Labor and Social Protection Irina Kostevich, answering questions from deputies of the House of Representatives in June 2018, made it clear that the issue of a new increase in the retirement age could be considered in Belarus later.
In June 2018, the Council of the Republic hosted a meeting of an expert group, in which senior officials from ministries and departments took part. There, according to information BelaPAN, the authorities proposed a number of measures to ensure a balanced budget for the Social Protection Fund. In particular, they discussed a new increase in the retirement age for women from 58 to 63 years in 2023-2032.
The first increase in the retirement age in Belarus was announced in 2016. Then in Belarus it was decided to increase the retirement age for women and men from 2017 annually by six months. As a result, in 2017-2022, the retirement age for women will increase from 55 to 58 years, and for men - from 60 to 63 years.
New increase in retirement age, primarily for women. Let us recall that in our country, in January 2017, a gradual increase in the generally established retirement age began. This year, men and women will retire upon reaching 61 and 56 years, respectively. Each year the required age will increase by six months. The site looked at what time people retire in Belarus and neighboring countries.
The photo is for illustrative purposes only. Photo: Vadim Zamirovsky, TUT.BY
IN Belarus The generally established retirement age is increased annually by six months. It is expected that by January 1, 2022, men will retire at age 63 and women at age 58.
To do this, you need to develop insurance experience. Until 2014, the insurance period was 5 years; from January 1, 2014 it was increased to 10 years, and a year later - to 15 years. In 2015, the required insurance period was already 15 years and 6 months. Every year this limit will increase by six months - up to 20 years.
Belarusians who have not managed to accumulate the required insurance period to receive a work pension can apply for a social pension: men - from the age of 65, women - from the age of 60. Now the size of the social pension is 103 rubles, or 50% of the subsistence level budget.
Now the authorities are allowing another increase in the retirement age. The topic of the deficit of the Social Security Fund, BelaPAN, was submitted this week to a group of experts that met in the Council of the Republic. The meeting was attended by senior officials of ministries and departments.
At the official level, the possibility of further increasing the retirement age for women is also being considered.
— The proposal that was voiced in the Council of the Republic is to continue raising the retirement age for women. A new stage of raising the retirement age in this case could begin in 2023, parliamentary circles reported.
The new proposal, which the authorities came up with this week during a meeting of a group of experts in the Council of the Republic, involves the implementation of the next stage of raising the retirement age for women. According to state estimates, increasing the retirement age for women from 58 to 63 years, which can be carried out in 2023 - 2032, will prevent an increase in the Social Security Fund deficit and at the same time maintain pensions at the current level (at least 40% of the average monthly salary).
IN Russia also want retirement age. In the near future, proposals to increase the retirement age will be submitted to the Russian State Duma. This was stated by Dmitry Medvedev, who was appointed Prime Minister of Russia the day before, RBC reports. Experts propose raising the retirement age to 63 years for men and 60 years for women. Nowadays, men in Russia go on vacation at 60, women at 55.
In Ukraine The pension reform began to work in the fall of 2017. From January 1, 2018, the standards of work experience for old-age retirement have changed. Now, at the age of 60, those citizens who have 25 years will be able to receive a pension insurance period. At 63 years old - those who have from 15 to 25 years of insurance experience, and for those 65 and older, only 15 years of experience will be required.
IN Poland lowered the retirement age on October 1, 2017. Now women leave work at the age of 60, and men at 65. Prior to this, the country had a pension reform in 2012, which provided for raising the age to 67 years for both sexes.
The reform also provides that in the future the minimum length of service will increase by 1 year annually. Thus, by 2028 it should reach 35 years for men and 30 years for women. However, according to the law, the retirement age remains unchanged - 60 years. For example, if the length of service is less than 25, but more than 15 years, you can retire at 63 years old.
Since 2011 Lithuania is gradually raising the retirement age: in 2026, women and men will retire at 65. Before this, men in Lithuania became pensioners at 62.5 years old, women at 60 years old.
IN Latvia From January 1, 2014, the retirement age increases by three months annually - in 2018 it is 62 years for men and women, and from January 1, 2025 this age will reach 65 years. In this case, the insurance period must be at least 15 years, from January 1, 2025 - 20 years.
IN Estonia The retirement age is gradually increasing, and in 2018 it is 63 years and 6 months. The transition period will last until 2026, when the retirement age will be 65 years.
