For representatives of some professions, they kept. the site talked to Belarusians who can retire on preferential terms and found out whether they should be envied.
Ballerina Julia Dyatko- Honored Artist of Belarus. A year and a half ago, when Yulia already had 23 years of experience behind her, she entered a preferential pension. The artist says that she would have continued to dance, but a serious injury prevented
Photo from personal archive - If the repertoire of the Bolshoi Theater had more modern choreography, I might still have stayed. But she could no longer play in the classical repertoire without painkillers. It sounds sad, but what can you do, - says Yulia. - It turned out to be very hard to leave mentally, because every performance was a holiday for me.
The pension of the honored artist, although “it is considered large against the background of the average for the country”, is still noticeably different from her salary, which she received in the theater as a ballerina, she is eight times less.
In retirement, Yulia continues to work as a choreographer-repetiteur at the Bolshoi Opera and Ballet Theatre, as well as a teacher at the Vezhnovets ballet school. Together with her husband, People's Artist Konstantin Kuznetsov, she works on productions as a choreographer. By the way, Yulia's husband has not yet retired, although they are the same age. According to her, there is gender equality in ballet: regardless of gender, leading soloists can expect to retire after 20 years of experience. And in Russia, for example, after 15 years.
“In Belarus, ballerinas often do not work out their seniority,” Yulia explains. - Someone decides not to renew the contract, someone leaves due to injury. If it becomes very difficult, then they look for work with less stress.
Colonel Mikhail Ivanovich ( name changed. — Approx. ed. ) may retire as early as this year. The fact that his military ranks become pensioners at the age of 50, he considers well-deserved.
- At a time when our peers were studying at institutes, we were at a military school. What is student life and what is cadet life? Barracks, boots - it's like military service, only 2.5 times longer, - explains Mikhail Ivanovich.
At 21, he graduated from a military school, after which he received about forty people in command.
The photo is illustrative. Photo: Reuters — There was a lot of responsibility: for people, for equipment, for fulfilling the tasks that you are given. You almost never go home, especially in the first years of service,” says the colonel. - In the army there is no such thing as a standardized working day or a 40-hour work week. My daughters started talking and walking without me. I was in the fields, on exercises.
Mikhail Ivanovich says he gets upset when he hears indignation about why the military retires earlier.
- Some argue that the military has risen to big stars and can do nothing. Before you become a colonel, you have to plow well. And with big stars, work is not sugar. Believe me, not a single state has given benefits to anyone just like that and will not give them. If there are benefits, they are justified,” the colonel is convinced. - In addition, there is such an objective reality as the age limit in order to occupy a particular position, to perform certain duties. There are a number of studies on this topic, including abroad. Therefore, in addition to some personal assessments, judgments and opinions, there is also a scientific explanation.
The Colonel plans to leave the Armed Forces this year but continue to work elsewhere. In his opinion, “seventy percent of his colleagues” do this: they are looking for a quieter job in order to still receive an increase in their pension .
- On average, the military's pension is half the salary: for many it is enough, but today it is not such a large amount. Until I thought about what I would do if I couldn’t get a job anywhere. But there are grandchildren, a dacha, a garage, a car - there is always something to do, the colonel sums up.
Vladimir Ulsky retired at 45 with the rank of police major, he had 27 years of work experience. The man worked in Novopolotsk in the Security Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs in the detention group.
“The work was intense, I had to instantly respond to the alarm that went off in apartments and shops: you got up in the morning and you work until the morning,” says the man.
Vladimir Ulsky now receives a pension of 450 rubles.
- For the last year and a half, the pensions of civilians have been increased, but not for the military and police. The civil pension is almost equal to the police one: my mother, a pensioner at the age of 78, has a pension of 350 rubles. As for the dissatisfaction with the early retirement of policemen, I can give you an example. They called, they said that the captain, with whom we worked together in the task force, had died. He is 50 years old. Before that, another colleague, a sergeant, died at the age of 45. Now men in Belarus will retire at 63, but many policemen do not live up to such years. Every day they worked to the limit. Few can stand it.
Vladimir says that he would be glad to go on a well-deserved rest, “after all, there is enough pension for bread and milk”.
- But there is a son who needs help, because it is almost impossible for him to get a job in the city. As long as there is health, we need to work, and then how it goes, - sums up Vladimir.
Tatyana Gavina came to Belaruskali in 1994. Now she is a district geologist. According to her, work "Not the easiest."
- At 8.30 - descent into the mine to measure the quality of mining, and at 11.25 you need to leave the mine and process the data. Noise, dust, dirt: working conditions in the mine are considered harmful,” the woman says.
This year, Tatyana Gavina has worked out, as she says, "underground experience." I could have retired, but I chose to stay.
Photo from personal archive Of course I'm working! At 45, sitting at home is boring, Tatiana laughs. - And I manage to do household chores after work. I like my work and our team.
Other geologists at the enterprise do the same, the woman says. Tatyana will not remember that one of her colleagues retired at 45.
- All because the difference in money is already too significant, the pension is almost four times less than the salary, - says Tatyana. - If there was a pension like a salary, I would think about doing something else. And so I plan to work as long as my health permits.
Sergei Pavlin has been working as an electrical fitter at Belaruskali since 1991. He is engaged in the repair and revision of electrical equipment. “The shift in the mine starts at 6.35 and ends at 13.35. Every year you need to go through a medical examination: if something is wrong, they will not be allowed to work,” the man notes.
Last year, an electrician could have retired on preferential terms, but continued to work - good health allows.
- Children need to be weaned, put on their feet. You won’t be able to live on our pension, so I will work,” says Sergey.
The difference between the salary and pension of an electrician is about 1,700 rubles. Sergei Pavlin explains that most of his colleagues do not retire on preferential terms, but continue to work. And those who go on a well-deserved rest do not get a job “on the surface”. “It’s unrealistic to find a salary like ours there” Sergey explains.
The average amount of assigned monthly pensions in February 2017 amounted to 297 rubles 65 kopecks.
On the Day of Unity of the Peoples of Russia and Belarus, April 2, information about pensions for residents of the Union State is essential. The provision of pensions for citizens of the Republic of Belarus who moved to the permanent place of residence in the Russian Federation, and Russians - to Belarus, has some peculiarities. It is regulated by a special Agreement, which takes into account numerous nuances. This agreement is one of the most developed, aimed at protecting the pension rights of residents of the former Soviet Union, according to the Pension Fund.
The International Agreement between the Republic of Belarus and the Russian Federation on cooperation in the field of pension provision has been in force since March 29, 2007. It is based on the proportional principle. Each Contracting Party shall assign and calculate a pension (with the exception of the social pension) on the basis of the length of service acquired in its territory. At the same time, the periods of service up to 12.03.1992 (inclusive) are taken into account by the party in whose territory the person permanently resides at the time of applying for a pension.
Under the Treaty, citizens of the Russian Federation and citizens of the Republic of Belarus residing in the territory of one of the states, as well as members of their families subject to the legislation of the parties, are entitled to labor pensions.
When determining the right to a pension, it is possible to sum up the length of service worked out in the territory of one state with the length of service worked out in the territory of another. At the same time, the calculation and confirmation of the length of service is carried out according to the legislation of both states.
The length of service acquired after March 13, 1992 on the territory of third countries, including the former Soviet republics, is not counted in the insurance and general length of service.
The Treaty gives citizens the right to choose: either to assign and pay a pension under the laws of one of the states of which they are citizens, or with the application of the provisions of the Treaty. Your choice must be confirmed by a statement. It is final and not subject to revision.
The largest number of "Belarusian pensioners" lives in Ivanovo. The PFR office in Ivanovo, Kokhma and the Ivanovsky district pays 24 labor pensions to citizens of the Russian Federation, appointed, among other things, according to the norms of the international Treaty, and 1 to a citizen of Belarus living on the territory of the Russian Federation.
All citizens of the Republic of Belarus are recipients of pensions. In addition, citizens who live permanently in the country have the right to receive pension payments. In 2017, 2 types of pensions were established at the state level: social and labor, including military.
In order to receive them, certain conditions must be met:
Every year, the government of the country indexes pension payments. Indexation applies to all social payments, including pension allowances for military personnel.
The country has a program on the basis of which citizens of the country can accumulate additional funds. These services are optional.
These opportunities are provided by insurance companies. If a citizen chooses any insurance company for savings, then his employer must make contributions to this fund for him.
1. Old age
The retirement age of citizens of Belarus has been preserved since Soviet times and has not changed since then: men - 60, women - 55.
In some cases, early exit is possible - in areas of activity with harmful conditions, as well as citizens employed in the agricultural, textile, and transport industries.
2. Loss of a breadwinner
This type of pension is paid to disabled and underage dependents who have lost their breadwinner.
3. By disability
To receive payments, persons with disabilities must have work experience by the time the disability group is established. For example, citizens under 23 need 1 year of experience, those aged 23-26 need 3 years, etc.
4. Seniority
There is a list of professions that are covered by the superannuation pension law. The country's pension fund uses it when assigning pensions.
5. For services to the state
The accrual of pensions to citizens awarded state orders and titles is the responsibility of the government.
The minimum old-age pension in Belarus is focused on the level of the consumer basket and is 25% of its average. The retirement pension is calculated at a rate of 55% of the average monthly earnings in the country.
Its size is affected by the amount of earnings, the presence of experience in excess of the prescribed norm, the scope of the employee's professional activity.
The scope of pensions for military personnel is regulated by state laws. The accrual of allowances to the military takes place according to the same parameters that are provided for civilians: by length of service, old age, loss of a breadwinner, disability.
The amount of the minimum allowances for the military is 1,474 thousand Belarusian rubles, in terms of Russian money - 4,422 rubles. The old-age pension is calculated by subtracting approximately 20% of the average salary and adding 25% of the country's consumer basket.
In December 2014, the President issued a decree to increase the pension allowance of military personnel. It entered into force on January 1, 2015. In November and December 2015, military allowances were indexed by 12.9% of the average living wage for the civilian population - 1,567,810 BR (4,703 Russian rubles). As a result, the amount of indexation amounted to 202,247 BR (606.7 rubles).
From January 1, 2016, a new base salary of 1,320,000 BR (3,960 rubles) was established in Belarus.
Based on this figure, the salaries of military personnel are determined by rank and position. Based on this, the pensions that military pensioners have are subject to recalculation.
For the first half of 2016, the base part increased in March, but indexation was not carried out.
The prospect of increasing the pension allowance of military personnel in Belarus will depend in the future on the state of the economy during 2017, on the level of the subsistence minimum established for each category of the population.
In Belarus, as in most other states of the former Socialist camp, 2 types of pensions are used: social and labor. The military pension in Belarus also belongs to the second type.
Panoramic evening view of Independence Square in Minsk
Labor pensions in Belarus as a result of recalculation since August 1 have increased by an average of 10%.
Additional funds are accumulated in the funds of insurance companies, at the choice of the payer. The deductions themselves, at his request, are made by the employer from the employee's salary.
In the Republic of Belarus, you can retire on:
Learn more about pensions in Belarus in the video below.
Military personnel of Belarus retire according to:
To retire as a military man, you need to work, or rather serve, in the field for at least 20 years. The age of a military pensioner is 45 years (from 2033 - 48 years).
Some categories of military personnel have the right to serve the country even after reaching retirement age. For example, colonel generals can remain in the ranks up to 60 years, colonels - up to 50 years.
An important condition for obtaining a pension is permanent residence in the territory of the Republic. Pension benefits are affected by:
In the Republic of Belarus, military pensions are increased annually. The indexation stated above applies to this category as well.
If, as a result of fulfilling a military assignment or 3 months after entering the reserve, a serviceman becomes disabled, he is entitled to receive a disability pension. In this case, the following conditions must be met:
The decision to retire a military man for services to the state is made at the government level.
The standard charge is as follows:
In 2020, the accrual scheme has changed somewhat.
This video compares the pensions of the three countries.
In 2020, military pensioners receive a pension in accordance with the changes that took place in September 2017. An increase in pensions was made for all categories of the population of Belarus.
Servicemen's pensions have been increased in line with the increase that affected all pension payments. According to the decision taken by the President of the country, from September 1, a gradual increase in pension payments to the military will begin.
Until July 2019, pension payments will be accrued on the basis of temporary adjustment factors. The recalculation will be done in 4 steps:
By the end of the year, Belarus plans to raise pensions once again.
The average pension in the Republic of Belarus before the amendments to the legislation was 398 rubles.
Introducing amendments to pension legislation, the country's government was guided by the Russian experience, which can already be considered time-tested.
In Russia, the scheme taken as a guideline began to operate in 2012. Then the president called the additional payment to the pension in the amount of 240 Russian rubles insignificant and changed the figure to 1,000 rubles. Since 2012, the accrual of pension payments has not only depended on salaries, but has also been revised along with them. That is, if salaries were raised, the pensions of those who had already retired were raised along with them.
After a significant increase in military pensions, from 2013, only that share of allowance that affects the calculation of pensions is subject to increase. Its annual growth is 2% or more, depending on inflationary processes in the Russian economy.
Reader of "Vitebsk Courier": " There is no such deceit anywhere in the world»
Recently, the editorial office of the Vitebsk Courier received a letter from a resident of the regional center, in which he spoke about how, under the new pension legislation, they fell into the “trap insurance experience» military personnel, employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and persons equivalent to them.
"There is such a profession - to defend the Motherland." Photo by Svetlana Vasilyeva
The situation arose in connection with the introduction of new pension rules, according to which the period of service in law enforcement agencies is not included in the length of service if the employee has not served 10 years.
That is, if a person for some reason has not served the specified period, then he loses the right to a departmental pension. In addition, the entire period of his service is not included in the length of service for the appointment of an old-age pension on a general basis.This means that, for example, an employee, being dismissed after 9 years of service, will have to find a job and have time to work out an insurance period of at least 16 years today, our reader explained.
According to the man, in the days of the Soviet Union, law enforcement officers did not pay contributions to state social insurance.
So it was until recently in Belarus. The state itself did not pay contributions to the social protection fund, and what about the employees? People were guaranteed that they were full-fledged workers, even those with benefits.
And now these people cannot receive either an old-age pension on a general basis or a social pension, our reader noted.
By law, once they reach retirement age, they do not even have the right to receive unemployment benefits and the right to targeted social assistance. In fact, it is difficult to find a job to support yourself and your family. There is no such scam anywhere in the world! And not counting in the insurance work experience of military service is the limit of the fantasies of the Belarusian legislators of our time.
Only the retirement age converges with us, and the minimum insurance period there is lower - 15 years. And the main difference is that the insurance experience includes conscription military service. In addition, maternity leave, caring for a disabled person of group I, a disabled child or a person aged 80 years and older are taken into account.
By the way, according to the estimates of the Ministry of Labor in 2015, there were about 1,000 people who fell into such a difficult situation. And their number is increasing over time. After all, the adoption of new decrees has led to the fact that those who have been carrying out socially useful activities for a long period of time, which are not counted in the insurance period, have lost their right to a pension.
In 2018 labor pension by age on a general basis is assigned to men aged 61 years with a work experience of at least 25 years, of which at least 16 years 6 months of work experience with the payment of mandatory insurance contributions to the budget of the state non-budgetary fund for social protection of the population.
