At what age will Russians retire?
The retirement age in Russia will be raised from 60 to 65 years for men and from 55 to 63 years for women.
The government proposes to do this in stages. The transition period will begin in 2019 and last until 2028 for men and until 2034 for women.
“The younger generation still has plenty of time ahead simply to adapt to new borders,” Medvedev added. And the money saved by raising the retirement age “will allow us to allocate additional funds to increase pensions above the inflation rate.”
What is the scheme for increasing the retirement age?
“The changes will be smooth, the increase will take place gradually,” Medvedev promised. Thus, men born in 1959 and women born in 1964 will be able to retire in 2020, at the ages of 61 and 56 years, respectively.
Men born in 1960 and women born in 1965 will be eligible to retire in 2022, at ages 62 and 57, respectively.
Men born in 1961 and women born in 1966 - in 2024, at the ages of 63 and 58 years; men born in 1962 and women born in 1967 - in 2026, at 64 and 59 years old; men born in 1963 and women born in 1968 will be able to retire in 2028, at the ages of 65 and 60, respectively.
At this point, having reached 65 years of age, the transition period of increasing the retirement age for men will end.
Women born in 1969 will have the right to retire in 2030, at the age of 61; women born 1970 - in 2032, at the age of 62 years; women born in 1971 - in 2034, at the age of 63 years.
What will change for current retirees?
Raising the retirement age will not affect 46.5 million of today's pensioners. “No rules are changing regarding current pensioners,” the head of the cabinet emphasized.
But, as Medvedev promised, their pensions will increase annually by about 1 thousand rubles, primarily “thanks to the program for increasing the working age.” All social payments due to pensioners will also be preserved.
Will the benefits continue?
Yes, the government proposes to maintain benefits for early pensions for a number of workers.
In particular, this right will remain for those who work in harmful and dangerous industries, women with five or more children, a number of categories of disabled people, “Chernobyl survivors” and some others.
“It is also proposed to leave the requirements for the length of service of teachers, medical and creative workers the same: now these categories of workers need to develop a special experience of 15 to 30 years, depending on the specific category of employee,” the head of the Cabinet added. According to him, the retirement age of these workers will be calculated based on general approaches to raising the retirement age.
For men working in the Far North and equivalent territories, the retirement age will be set at 60 years, for women - 58 years.
Workers with extensive experience can retire two years earlier than expected - 40 years for women and 45 years for men.
At what age will people be able to receive a social pension?
Old-age social pensions are received by older people who have no work experience.
The Ministry of Labor proposed increasing the age for receiving a social pension for women from 60 to 68 years, and for men from 65 to 70 years.
Such changes are also planned to be introduced gradually.
People with serious health problems can count on a social disability pension, regardless of age.
Why raise the retirement age?
Raising the retirement age should ensure an increase in the size of pensions for non-working pensioners and index pensions above inflation.
Also, increasing the retirement age will reduce the Pension Fund deficit and reduce the burden on the working population. For example, in 1970 there were 3.7 people of working age per pensioner. And in 2019, this ratio will change significantly: for every pensioner there will be approximately two people of working age.
The number of working population decreases by 0.4 million people annually. At the same time, 1.5–1.6 million Russians retire annually.
In addition, life expectancy is increasing in the Russian Federation. From 2000 to 2017, this figure for men increased on average by 8.5 years - to 67.5 years, for women - by 5.4 years, that is, to 77.6 years. On average, with an insurance period of about 30 years, the period of retirement for Russian women is 26 years, that is, one year of experience is practically equal to one year of pension. Foreign countries try to maintain the formula of two years of service equal to one year of pension.
For reference: according to Rosstat forecasts, by 2024 the life expectancy of Russian men will reach 72.3 years, women - 82.1 years.
When do people retire in other countries?
The retirement age has been increased in many countries over the past three decades.
Men retire at 65 in Moldova and Azerbaijan. Women have the right to pension payments upon reaching 63 years of age in Armenia. Soon the same will happen in Kazakhstan.
In Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia, by 2025–2027, the retirement age will be raised to 65 years, and in Germany, Spain, and Italy - to 67 years for both men and women. Average life expectancy in OECD countries in 2015 was about 80 years.
October 3, 2018 new law on retirement age in Russia No. 350-FZ was signed by the President and officially published on the state legal information portal. A week earlier, it was adopted by State Duma deputies in the third and final reading, taking into account numerous amendments (the main ones were proposed by the President and aimed at mitigating the consequences of the pension reform). The law comes into force already from January 1, 2019.
The implementation of the reform will already begin from January 1, 2019, while all changes will be made in stages - with a gradual increase in the “working age” annually for 1 year, except for the first two years of the reform, when preferential retirement will be provided (six months earlier). Thus, the new retirement age standards will be finalized in 2023 for men and women.
The prepared and approved law contains a whole range of changes in the pension legislation of Russia relating to the following types of pensions:
As part of the pension reform, adjustments are expected from 2019 and regarding early pensions:
For all these types of pensions, the age requirements for the right to receive them will be revised in one form or another. Adjustment will start from 01/01/2019 and will occur through a gradual increase in age to the standards provided for by the new law.
Let us consider in more detail each of the proposed changes (by types of pensions and categories of their recipients).
The main change that was proposed by this bill in its original version is the increase in the retirement age from 2019 up to 63 for women and 65 for men(now they are 55 and 60 years old, respectively). However, these parameters of the law were adjusted by presidential amendments. The President proposed the following main measures to mitigate pension reform:
The bill proposed by the Government provides for a gradual increase in the retirement age, upon reaching which a pension will be assigned (which since 2015 is now called “insurance”). Taking into account the proposed adjustments by President V. Putin, it is planned to fix the age at the level 60 and 65 years for women and men(i.e. the increase will be the same and will be 5 years).
It is proposed to make changes annually, increasing the value of the retirement age: annually for 1 year during the transition period, but with some adjustments:
You can determine in which year a citizen will be able to apply for an old-age pension based on the data in the table.
Table - Retirement age in Russia since 2019 (the law taking into account the adopted amendments proposed by V. Putin)
| Year of retirement under the old law | Retirement age under the new law | Year of retirement under the new law | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | ||
| 2019 | 60 + 0,5 | 55 + 0,5 | 2019 and 2020 |
| 2020 | 60 + 1,5 | 55 + 1,5 | 2021 and 2022 |
| 2021 | 60 + 3 | 55 + 3 | 2024 |
| 2022 | 60 + 4 | 55 + 4 | 2026 |
| 2023 | 60 + 5 | 55 + 5 | 2028 |
It should be noted that these changes will not affect those who are already retired- they are aimed only at future pensioners who have not yet received an old-age pension according to the standards in force in 2018 (55 and 60 years).
Thus, the first changes envisaged will affect women born in 1964 and men born in 1959- they will be able to retire only in the second half of 2019 and the first half of 2020. Women born in 1965 and men born in 1960 will be able to retire in the second half of 2021 and the first half of 2022. Thus, only those citizens (women and men) who in 2018 are under 55 and 60 years of age.
The law provides for a small “compensatory measure” for such an unpopular decision: employees will be given the right to retire 2 years earlier than the established retirement age. This reduction is provided for women with more than 37 years of experience, subject to reaching 55 years of age, and for men with more than 42 years of experience, upon reaching 60 years of age.
The Russian government has submitted a bill to the State Duma that proposes raising the retirement age for residents of Russia. Currently, men retire at 60, and women at 55. If the bill is adopted and comes into force, the retirement age for men will increase to 65 years, for women - to 63 years.
No. Those who are already retired will not be affected by the changes. For the rest, a gradual (every two years) increase in the working age is assumed.
The retirement age will remain the same for several categories:
The possibility of retiring two years earlier (that is, men - at 63 years, and women - at 61 years) is also being considered for those who have long experience - 45 and 40 years, respectively. This rule still applies today.
Those who worked in the Far North and in areas equivalent to these areas can retire early. For them, it is proposed to raise the bar to 60 years (for men) and 58 years (for women). Now “northerners” become pensioners at 55 and 50 years old.
Those who have not accumulated the work experience required to receive a pension will receive a social old-age pension from 70 (men) and 68 (women) years. So far, the threshold for them has been set at 65 and 60 years, respectively.
Told about this Government meeting at a meeting of the Government of the Russian Federation, Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev. He gave three reasons:
In Europe, people finish work even later - at both 67 and 70 years old. In other words, all countries are following this path.
Dmitry Medvedev, Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation
Some experts believe that raising the retirement age will only bring benefits. For example, the head of the Bank of Russia, Elvira Nabiullina, claims Nabiullina: raising the retirement age will have a positive impact on the labor market that this will have a positive impact on the labor market: the risk of labor shortages will decrease and production output will increase.
In addition, in the explanatory note On introducing a draft federal law “On amendments to certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation on the appointment and payment of pensions” The bill states that increasing the retirement age will lead to higher pensions. According to forecasts, they will grow annually by about a thousand rubles.
There are those who are for, but many who are against. A petition against raising the retirement age, published on Change.org, has already been signed by more than 1.5 million people.
According to Rosstat, in 62 subjects of the Russian Federation the average life expectancy of men is less than 65 years, and in three subjects it is less than 60 years. If demographic trends in Russia as a whole continue, 40% of men and 20% of women will not live to see 65 years of age. This means that a significant part of Russian citizens will not live to see retirement.
Authors of the petition against raising the retirement age
Will a petition help? It is difficult to answer this question unequivocally. In any case, this is an expression of public opinion and a manifestation of civic position.
Research shows yes. According to Rosstat Regions of Russia. Socio-economic indicators 2017. Statistical collection, men from 21 constituent entities of the Russian Federation do not live to reach the age of 65. For example, in Tyva, the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, and the Jewish Autonomous Region, their average life expectancy is just over 59 years.
On average, people live below the new retirement age in the Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Amur, Novgorod, Pskov, Tver, and Sakhalin regions.
In 19 regions, the average life expectancy of men is from 64.2 to 65.1 years. That is, they also risk not retiring.
For pensioners, if they do not earn extra money, life is quite difficult. According to official data Pension indexation, the average pension amounts today are:
According to the rules, the minimum payment cannot be lower than the subsistence level for a pensioner in the region. It is different everywhere. For example, in Moscow - 10,929 rubles, in Ulyanovsk - 7,457 rubles.
The State Duma will most likely consider the bill no earlier than July 19. If deputies vote in favor, the document will have to be signed by Russian President Vladimir Putin. As stated Peskov: it’s too early to talk about Putin’s position on raising the retirement age his press secretary Dmitry Peskov, it is too early to talk about the position of the head of state.
But if the document is approved by the president, the new rules will likely come into force on January 1, 2019.
Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said that the Cabinet of Ministers will prepare proposals for changing the retirement age and will submit them to the State Duma in the very near future. The current retirement ages for men and women are 60 and 55 years, respectively. Currently, the retirement age in Russia in 2018 seems optimal to 53% of respondents, 35% of citizens noted that the retirement age needs to be lowered, but only 6% of respondents agree to raise it, another 6% found it difficult to answer. Read more about the government's decision made on June 14.
Deputy Director of the HSE Institute for Social Policy Oksana Sinyavskaya recalled that among the options that have been discussed recently in the expert and political community, there have been proposals to raise the retirement age to 60 years for women and 63 years for men. This is the most modest proposal, she emphasized. The second option is to set the threshold at 63 years for women and 65 years for men. The most radical proposal was put forward by the Ministry of Finance: 65 years for both men and women.
“The demographic argument is that women live longer and are less likely to do hard work, so in this logic it is necessary to equalize the retirement age. However, gender stereotypes are very strong in Russia, and above all among politicians. Therefore, I think that the most likely option is this: the difference between the thresholds for men and women will remain, but, most likely, it will be reduced - that is, it will not be five years, but three years, maybe two,” she said.
People declaring the need to raise the retirement age identified the optimal threshold as 63 years for men and 60 years for women. Those in favor of a reduction reported an average of 54 years for men and 50 years for women.
The expert also noted that, according to surveys, the majority of Russians support women’s earlier retirement: this is motivated by the fact that they have a double burden - raising children and then grandchildren and, in fact, employment.
“I don’t think that the most radical option proposed by (Finance Minister Anton) Siluanov will pass. Most likely, the thresholds will be set at 60/63 or 63/65 (years). But here it is difficult to judge what the cabinet will decide on. From the point of view of the fiscal interests of the Ministry of Finance, the 63/65 option is, of course, more profitable,” Sinyavskaya said.
Director of the Institute of Social Analysis and Forecasting of RANEPA Tatyana Maleva also notes the low likelihood of the Ministry of Finance’s scenario being implemented in Russia.
“There is an option to quickly increase the retirement age in order to achieve a financial effect. This effect really depends on the speed of raising the retirement age, and the Ministry of Finance is trying to reduce the transfer from the federal budget to the pension system. But this means that for women the retirement age must be raised by 10 years. This is a lot, and no one in the world has ever done this,” Maleva emphasized.
From Sinyavskaya’s point of view, from a social point of view, the most acceptable and rational option is to raise the retirement age to 60/63 years. Moreover, it is advisable to do this in stages: a number of European countries did this at one time, and there are also examples among the former Soviet republics.
“The second parameter that is being discussed, in addition to boundaries, is the rate of increase. The proposals of the Ministry of Finance were also the most radical - one year at a time. I think that the Cabinet of Ministers will not decide on this; most likely, a six-month per year scheme will be proposed. From world experience, this is the most intensive increase in the retirement age, and a number of countries in Central and Eastern Europe raised the age in this way,” she said.
Sinyavskaya emphasized that due to the fact that these measures have a pronounced fiscal argument, the most likely scenario would be an increase of six months a year.
From Maleva’s point of view, the most reasonable and gentle options for increase are 65 years for men and 60 years for women, that is, raising the threshold by five years for each gender group.
“We started this process in such a way that it should have started 20 years ago. This was the extreme point; in fact, this should have been done earlier. Now we must understand that this will not give an immediate effect. We cannot raise the age very quickly, so we need to raise it by six months, a year a year, or even three months for men. This is not excluded, since they have high mortality risks at these ages, but it is unlikely. I think women will get raises one year a year, and men six months a year,” she said.
As for the timing of the reform, Sinyavskaya considers 2020 the most likely. It is necessary to give time for the labor market to prepare, she notes. In turn, Maleva points out the ambiguity of how reforms can affect the state of the market.
“We can raise the retirement age to at least 90 years, but the problem is that people will start leaving work due to disability. There is nothing stopping us from setting the retirement age at 100 years, but we understand what will follow. After all, is the Russian labor market ready to keep older people at work? Do they have high enough productivity to increase GDP by one and a half times? For an economy that is losing its workforce, it is necessary to attract older people. But there are no obvious solutions,” she said.
In general, Sinyavskaya notes, both social and economic arguments will be expressed at the presidential level. “Their clash will not allow for radical options. But at the same time, those increase scenarios that provide minimal savings and are more socially acceptable are also unlikely,” the expert notes.
Sinyavskaya emphasizes that raising the retirement age is unlikely to be the only measure taken in this area. “Most likely, there will be some kind of package of measures to reform the pension system, because raising the retirement age in no case can be considered as a panacea for all problems,” she argues.
According to current legislation, in 2018 the retirement age is increased for civil and municipal government employees. This law began on January 1, 2017 and annually increases the retirement age by six months.
This will happen no earlier than 2027 for male officials and by 2032 for women. As a result, from January 1, 2018, the retirement age for women working in the civil service is 56 years old, and for male officials 61 years old, respectively.
Who is covered by the law on increasing the retirement age from 2018? According to the law, the increase is valid for employees who fill government positions in the Russian Federation, government positions in constituent entities of the Russian Federation, positions in the civil civil service of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Also included here are all municipal employees who fill on a permanent basis municipal service positions, that is, officials at all levels.
An important point: the specified increase in age for the appointment of an old-age insurance pension is valid only during the period of filling the positions listed above. If an official resigns from public service and is already 60 years old (for men) or 55 years old (for women) at the time of dismissal, then such a citizen is entitled to a pension in the usual manner.
For officials who have left the civil service, their retirement age will be equal to that of ordinary citizens. Even if, after the assignment of a pension, a citizen re-enters the civil service, the payment of the pension continues as for other working pensioners.
In addition to increasing the retirement age, officials will also see an increase in the minimum required length of service in the government service, which is necessary to assign a bonus for length of service - the increase began on January 1, 2017 for 6 months. The minimum length of service for applicants for establishing an additional payment to a long-service pension in 2018 is 16 years.
Will the retirement age in Russia be raised in 2018? According to the federal official, raising the retirement age should be accompanied by mechanisms to ease the transition period. The most common global practice is the opportunity to retire early (for example, at 60 years old, when the retirement age will already be higher), but “pay” for this with a proportional reduction in pensions for each year of early retirement, argues RBC’s interlocutor. In addition, according to him, it is necessary to reduce the risk of a large flow of older citizens into disability pensions and avoid stagnation in the employment of the younger generation, because a delay in the labor market for older people will further delay the entry of young people.
On June 14, 2018, the Russian government proposed raising the retirement age for men to 65 years, for women to 63 years, Russian Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev said at a meeting of the Cabinet of Ministers. TASS reports this.
The head of the Cabinet explained that the transition period could begin in 2019 and last until 2028 for men and until 2034 for women.
“It is proposed to introduce a fairly long transition period - it is proposed to start in 2019 in order to step by step achieve retirement at 65 years for men in 2028 and at 63 years for women in 2034,” Medvedev said.
According to him, increasing the retirement age will allow additional funds to be used to increase pensions above the inflation rate.
As reported by RIA Novosti, the head of the Cabinet of Ministers said that the Government will maintain pension benefits for workers employed in hazardous industries, disabled people of the first group, disabled children and a number of others.
Medvedev noted that the Government proposes to provide citizens with 45 years of work experience with the opportunity to retire two years earlier.
Based on materials from: proficomment.ru
In Russia, the issue of reforming the pension system in terms of increasing the age required for old-age retirement is being actively discussed. I would like to know, From what year of birth will the retirement age increase? for women and men? Who will this affect first and what should we all prepare for?
On October 3, 2018, President V. Putin was The law on raising the retirement age was signed for Russians No. 350-FZ. This law will come into force on January 1, 2019. Its final content was approved during the third reading of the bill in the State Duma on September 27, 2018. Changes will be made gradually, with a transition period during which the retirement age will be raised annually for 1 year. In 2019 and 2020, it will be possible to make payments six months earlier than provided for by the new law.
In total, the retirement age will be increased for men for 5 years(from 60 to 65), for women for 5 years(from 55 to 60). A transition period is envisaged, during which the age will gradually increase, so new retirement ages will be finally established for men and women in 2028.
It is worth noting that the law takes into account a new possibility of early retirement - upon achieving a long work experience: . In this case, early exit will be provided two years ahead of schedule.
The text of the signed law on retirement age from 2019 can be found below:
Law on raising the retirement age
Since the reform of raising the retirement age provides for a gradual change, some citizens will fall under a transition period. Such persons include men born from 1959 to 1963, women from 1964-1968. Russians born after these years will be able to retire when they reach the new established age (60 and 65 years).
The retirement age by year of birth during the transition period is shown in the table below.
| Men | Women | Year of retirement after raising the retirement age | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of birth | Year of birth | New retirement age, years | ||
| 1959 | 61 | 1964 | 56 | 2020 |
| 1960 | 62 | 1965 | 57 | 2022 |
| 1961 | 63 | 1966 | 58 | 2024 |
| 1962 | 64 | 1967 | 59 | 2026 |
| 1963 | 65 | 1968 | 60 | 2028 |
Since the law on raising the retirement age will be introduced on January 1, 2019, we can already say unequivocally that the changes will in one way or another affect all citizens who will not yet retire on old age until the beginning of 2019. Thus, the reform proposed by Medvedev will affect:
The signed law also provides for an increase in the age of appointment. The law proposes raising the age from 60 to 65 for women and from 65 to 70 for men. For equated areas, the age will increase to 60 for men and 55 for women. These changes will also be made in stages.
In recent years, more and more Russian citizens have learned from the Pension Fund that even after reaching retirement age they lack of required amount of experience and points to retire on an old-age pension. The head of the Ministry of Labor, Maxim Topilin, spoke about this at the beginning of 2018 in an interview with Rossiyskaya Gazeta.
The fact is that now, according to Art. 8 of Federal Law No. 400-FZ of December 28, 2013 “About insurance pensions” Russians can retire on an old-age pension while simultaneously fulfilling
